Les sports et les jeux traditionnels comme un élément du patrimoine culturel immatériel
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v16i4.12Mots-clés :
les sports et les jeux traditionnels, le patrimoine culturel immatériel, l’UNESCORésumé
Les sports et les jeux traditionnels sont à l’époque contemporaine reconnus comme un élément important du patrimoine culturel et de l’identité locale. Ils sont l’expression de la créativité dans le domaine du sport et des loisirs des habitants des régions où ces sports sont nés. Le rôle et l’importance des sports et des jeux traditionnels sont particulièrement mis en valeur dans cette dernière trentaine d’années à travers différents communiqués, déclarations, plans d’exécution, et depuis 2010 l’on procède à leur inscription sur la liste du patrimoine culturel immatériel de l’UNESCO. Ils sont considérés comme des compétences d’exécution particulières et conservées sous forme d’exemples de bonnes pratiques, de listes de connaissance, listes de gardiens vivants du patrimoine et listes des fêtes et des coutumes. C’est ainsi que les sports et les jeux traditionnels ont trouvé leur place sur les listes nationales du patrimoine culturel immatériel des républiques de l’ex-Yougoslavie. En revanche, la Serbie n’a pas encore mis les sports et les jeux traditionnels sur la liste nationale du patrimoine culturel immatériel, en dépit de l’existence des pratiques prouvant qu’il y en a qu’il faut conserver et revitaliser. Dans ce travail sera présenté le processus de reconnaissance des sports et des jeux traditionnels dans le monde et sur l’espace de l’ex-Yougoslavie comme des éléments du patrimoine culturel immatériel. À partir des résultats du sondage on analysera également le degré de conscience et de connaissance du sujet chez les spectateurs des compétitions différentes dans les sports et les jeux traditionnels en Serbie, autrement dit les positions des interrogés concernant leur conservation et leur authenticité.
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