Kulturološka tradicija zombifikacije na Haitiju: primer filma Beli zombi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v19i2.2Ključne reči:
vudu, Haiti, zombi, tradicionalna kultura, popularna kulturaApstrakt
Zombifikacija na Haitiju sprovedena je kao kontrolisana društveno-istorijska praksa, ukorenjena u religijskim verovanjima, kulturološkim obrascima i zakonskim pravilima. Odnosi se na prouzrokovanje socijalne smrti, pre negoli biološke, to jest na isključivanje pojedinaca iz društvene zajednice, te se dovodi u vezu sa načinima održavanja društvene kontrole, odnosno oblicima kažnjavanja prestupništva i sankcionisanja društveno nepoželjnog ponašanja, istovremeno u svrhu proizvodnje profitabilne radne snage. Ritual zombifikacije podrazumeva „umrtvljavanje“ pojedinaca upotrebom psihoaktivnih supstanci, čiji simptomi manifestuju prividni prestanak rada fizioloških funkcija i prikazuju se kao smrt, a potom i ritualno „oživljavanje“, koje žrtve ostavlja u stanju delirijuma. Razumevanje kulturološke tradicije zombifikacije zahteva posmatranje zombija kao socijalnog i kulturološkog fenomena, specifičnog za društvenu stvarnost Haitija, međutim, posredovanog putem zapadnjačkih predstava zasnovanih prvenstveno na ranim dvadesetovekovnim putopisima i popularnoj kulturi.
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