(Anti)Fascism and Superhero Comics:  An Anthropological Examination of Innovativeness in Comic Books as Exemplified by V for Vendetta

Miloš Zarić

doi:10.21301/eap.v15i4.5

Auteurs

Miloš Zarić PhD Candidate, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Serbia

DOI :

https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v15i4.5

Mots-clés :

Alan Moore, fascisme, anarchisme, antihéros paradoxal, créativité/ innovation, déconstruction/ révision, genre de la bande dessinée super-heroïque, intertextualité

Résumé

Cet article est consacré à l’analyse de la bande dessinée V pour Vendetta de deux auteurs, scénariste Alan Moore et dessinateur David Loyd. Il s’agit d’une œuvre graphico-narrative qui par ses caractéristiques principales appartient au genre littéraire de la dystopie critique mais se rapproche également du genre de la bande dessinée super-heroïque, qui, d’après l’opinion d’un certain nombre d’auteurs, y compris Alan Moore, est inextricablement lié à l’idéologie et la pratique de la droite politique qui sous son aspect extrême prend la forme du fascisme. La manière de traiter l’élément du fascisme dans cette bande dessinée, ainsi que dans deux autres dont il sera question dans cet article (Watchmen d’Alan Moore et de Dave Gibbons et The Dark Knight Returns de Frank Miller), est mise en relation avec la manière dont le processus de créativité/ innovation fonctionnait dans le contexte de la révision/ déconstruction du genre de la bande dessinée super-heroïque dans les années quatre-vingt du XXe siècle, aussi bien sur le plan collectif (intragénérique), que sur le plan individuel, au niveau de la structure de pensée de l’écrivain britannique Alan Moore. Par l’application du modèle d’analyse de structure sémiologique, l’article s’efforce de saisir la logique du procédé déconstructiviste en question, « fragmenté » en trois bandes dessinées qui seront étudiées dans ce travail, l’accent étant mis sur l’analyse de la bande dessinée V pour Vendetta qui a pour objectif de déterminer sa dimension « cachée », connotative. C’est le point de vue moderne sur la bande dessinée qui est ici adopté, selon lequel l’essence de ce médium, la différence entre lui et les autres formes d’expression narratives et graphiques ainsi qu’avec le film, réside dans la manière spécifique, séquentielle de combiner ses composantes visuelles et narratives, produisant ainsi des significations dont l’interprétation dépend de l’intention de l’auteur mais aussi du regard du lecteur.

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PBS Superheroes: Truth, Justice and the American Way (2013)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xtQ-pA6uM3c

Comics Britannia Episode 3 – X Rated: Anarchy in the UK (2007)

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The Mighty Misfits Who Made Marvel (2017)

https://www.documentaryarea.tv/player.php?title=The%20Mighty%20Misfits%20Who%20Made%20Marvel

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