Problème d’identité culturelle dans la pratique archéologique contemporaine
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.21301/eap.v6i3.3Mots-clés :
culture, identité culturelle, archéologie historico-culturelle, archéologie processualiste, archéologie postprocessualiste, multiculturalismeRésumé
Depuis plusieurs décennies le réexamen du concept de culture en archéologie est orienté vers la tentative de dépasser le concept historico-culturel traditionnel d’après lequel la culture est appréhendée comme un système de valeurs relativement stable et homogène caractéristique d’un groupe ou d’une communauté d’hommes précise. Reposant sur l’hypothèse que les hommes rassemblés en vue de la fabrication et de l’utilisation d’une culture matérielle stylistiquement unie représentent un groupe partagaeant un sentiment d’identité commune, la pratique de la classification culturelle des artefacts est critiquée comme reflet d’une projection ethnocentrique de l’idée contemporaine sur l’identité culturelle.
En dépit des nombreuses critiques auxquelles est exposé un tel concept, critiques qui se développent à partir des années soixante jusqu’à nos jours sous l’influence des différents courants théoriques, il semble que l’hypothèse implicite sur l’identité culturelle du groupe d’hommes réunis par la culture matérielle commune perdure encore. De plus, la tentative d’offrir comme réponse aux critiques évoquées une interprétation multiculturelle du passé menace de réhabiliter le concept de culture que l’archéologie essaie d’abandonner depuis des décennies.
Téléchargements
Références
Anderson, Benedict. 1983. Imagined Communities. Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.
Baba, Homi. 2004. Smeštanje kulture. Beograd: Beogradski krug.
Бабић, Сташа. 2008. Грци и други. Београд: Clio.
Babić, Staša. 2010. Prošlost kao Drugi – Drugi kao prošlost. Etnoantropološki problemi 5/2: 259-268.
Bernal, Martin. 1987. Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization I. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.
Bernal, Martin. 2002. Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization II. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press.
Binford, Lewis R. 1962. Archaeology as Anthropology. American Antiquity 28, 217 – 225.
Binford, Lewis R. 1973. „Interassemblage variability – the Mousterian and the functional argument“. In The Explanation of Culture Change: Models in Prehistory, ed. Colin Renfrew, 227-254. London: Duckworth.
Burkert, Walter. 1992. Orientalizing Revolution: Near Estern Influence on Greek Culture in the Early Archaic Age. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Clarke, David L. 1968. Analytical Archaeology. London: Methuen.
Días-Andreu, Margarita 2007. A World History of Nineteenth-Century Archaeology: Nationalism, Colonialism and the Past. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Días-Andreu, Margarita and Timothy Champion (eds.) 1996. Nationalism and Archaeology in Europe. London: USL Press.
Días-Andreu, Margarita, Sam Lucy, Stasa Babic and David N. Edwards. 2005. The Archaeology of Identity. Approach to gender, age, status, ethnicity and religion. London: Routledge.
Dietler, Michael. 2005. „The Archaeology of Colonization and the Colonization of Archaeology –
Theoretical Challenges from an Ancient Mediterranean Colonian Encounter“. In The Archaeology of Colonial Encounters – Comparative Perspectives, ed. Gill J. Stein, 33-69. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press.
Dougherty, Carol and Leslie Kurke. 2003. Introduction to The Cultures within Greek Culture – Contact, Conflict, Collaboration, eds. Carol Dougherty and Leslie Kurke, 1-23. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Џонсон, Метју. 2008. Археолошка теорија. Београд: Clio.
Gellner, Ernest. 1983. Nation and Nationalism. Oxford: Blackvell.
Gibbon, Guy. 1989. Explanation in Archaeology. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Gosden, Cris. 2007. „The Past and Foreign Countries: Colonial and Post-Colonial Archaeology and Anthropology“. In A Companion to Social Archaeology, eds. Lynn Meskell and Robert W. Preucel, 161-178. Oxford: Blackwell.
Gress, David. 1999. Multiculturalism and History: Hellenic and Roman Antiquity. Orbis 43: 553-573.
Hamilakis, Yannis. 2007. The Nation and its Ruins: Antiquity, and National Imagination in Greece. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Hasting, Adrian. 1997. The Construction of Nationalhood: Ethnicity, Religion and Nationalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hinge, George and Jens A. Krasilnikoff. 2009. Introduction to Alexandria. A Cultural and Religious Melting Pot, eds. George Hinge and Jens A. Krasilnikoff , 9-21. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press.
Hingley, Richard. 2000. Roman Officers and English Gentlement - The Imperial Origins of Roman archaeology. London: Routledge.
Hobsbawm, Eric. 1990. Nations and Nationalism since 1780. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hodder, Ian. 1982. Symbols in Action, Cambridge University Press.
Hodder, Ian. 1983. The Present Past: An Introduction to Anthropology for Archaeologist, New York: Pica Press.
Insoll, Timothy (ed). 2007. The Archaeology of Identities. London: Routledge.
Jones, Siân. 1997. The Archaeology of Ethnicity – Constructing Identities in the Past and Present. London: Routledge.
Kohl, Philip L. and Clare Fawcett (eds.) 1995. Nationalism, politics, and the practice of archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lucas, Gavin. 2001. Critical Approach to Fieldwork. Contemporary and historical archaeological practice. London: Routledge.
Lucy, Sam. 2005. „Ethnic and cultural identities“. In Días-Andreu, Margarita, Sam Lucy, Stasa Babic and David N. Edwards, The Archaeology of Identity. Approach to gender, age, status, ethnicity and religion, 86 – 109. London: Routledge.
Mairs, Rachel R. 2006. Hellenistic India, New Voices in Classical Recepton Studies 1: 19-30.
Morris, Ian. 1994. „Archaeologies of Greece“. In Clasical Greece – Ancient Histories and Modern Archaeologies, ed. Ian Morris, 8-49. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Olsen, Bjørnar. 2002. Od predmeta do teksta. Teorijske perspektive arheoloških istraživanja. Beograd: Clio.
Shanks, Michael. 2001. „Culture/Archaeology: The Dispersion of a Discipline and its Objects“. In Archaeological Theory Today, ed. Ian Hodder, 284-306. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Shennan, Stephen. 1994. Introduction to Archaeological approaches to cultural identity, ed. Stephen Shennan, 1-33. London: Routledge.
Smit, Entoni D. 2010. Nacionalni identitet. Beograd: XX vek.
Smith, Peter. 1992. The Paradoxes of Multiculturalism. Journal of Aesthetic Education Vol. 26, No.2: 95-99.
Spivak, Čakravorti G. 1999. Kritika postkolonijalnog uma. Beograd: Beogradski krug.
Turner, Terence. 1993. Anthropology and Multiculturalism: What is Anthropology That Multiculturalist Should be Mindful of It?. Cultural Anthropology, Vol 8. No. 4.: 411-429.
Watson, Patty Jo. 1995. Archaeology, Anthropology, and the Culture Concept. American Anthropologist New Series, Vol. 97, No.4: 683-694.
Wylie, Alison. 2002. Thinking from Things. Essays in the Philosophy of Archaeology. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Téléchargements
Publiée
Comment citer
Numéro
Rubrique
Licence
Ce travail est disponible sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Partage dans les Mêmes Conditions 4.0 International.
ERIH PLUS - European Reference Index for the Humanities
World Cat
AnthroSerbia
